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Sumatra is one of the main islands in Indonesia. The biodiversity in Sumatra is higher than Java, but still below compare to Borneo and New Guinea. A diverse number of plant species describe the rich of biological resources in Sumatra and most have high economic value. One-third of 7,500 plant species found in Peninsular Malaysia region was recorded as the economic value of plants, most of which are occured in Sumatra. Rimbang Baling Wildlife Reserve is located in West Sumatra Province, covers a 136.000 hectare area. This is a lowland forest with altitude range between 100-350 m a.s.l. Research exploration was conducted in this area to inventory plant diversity in Rimbang Baling Wildlife Reserve and collect plants for ex situ conservation purpose. It was recorded that at least 170 plant species (in 48 genera) were collected., they consist of 121 plant species (in 47 family and 87 genera) and 49 orchid species (in 21 genera). The common terrestrial orchids was Claderia viridiflora which growing on the forest floor and Bromheadia finlaysoniana which growing on the open areas along hard track. The dominant epiphyte orchid were Coelogyne rochussenii, C. foertermannii, Eria biflora, Dipodium sp., Bulbophyllum spp. dan Acriopsis liliifolia. Giant orchid Grammatophyllum speciosum was also can be found in this area. As well as orchid, some attractive plants were also found such as Araceae, Arecaceae, Camnosperma auriculata, Nepenthes gracilis, Scaphium macropodum. Trees such as Calophyllum spp., Polyalthia glauca, Cinnamomum javanicum, Eurycoma longifolia, Macaranga spp., Shorea sp., etc were very common found. whereas the bush or shrub vegetation dominated by Ardisia spp., Melastoma sp., Mussaenda frondosa, Ixora grandifolia. Forest floor vegetation commonly occupied by Labisia pumila, Maranta spp., Phyllagathis rotundifolia, Cordyline, Costus, Zingiber, Curculigo, Homalomena, Sonerilla, Schismatoglottis, etc. and some climber plants such as Uncaria schlerophylla, Ipomoea sp. Passiflora foetida, Vitis geniculata, Smilax spp., Rhapidophora sp., Gleichenia longissima, Scindapsus spp., Luvunga eleutherandra, etc.

Prosiding Seminas Nasional Biodiversitas IV, Departemen Biologi Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya. Hal. 88-99

ISBN 978-97998109-3-9